tgf β  (Elabscience Biotechnology)

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Mesenchymal stromal cells-loaded 3D radially aligned composite scaffold with potentiated paracrine signaling for sequential bone regeneration

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.02.059

Figure Lengend Snippet: Temporal analysis of the BMSC paracrine profile on different scaffolds. (A) Confocal microscopy images from Live/Dead fluorescence staining of BMSCs encapsulated within the PCL/HAp-GelMA/BMSCs scaffold after 1, 3, 5, and 14 d of 3D culture (live cells, green; dead cells, red). (B) The concentrations of key paracrine factors (TGF-β, PGE2, VEGF, HGF, and BMP-2) from BMSCs cultured in different scaffolds, quantified from culture supernatants at day 3 and day 7. (C) Corresponding relative mRNA expression levels of TGFB1, PTGS2, VEGFA, HGF, and BMP-2 in BMSCs at day 3 and day 7, as determined by qPCR analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001; ns: not significant.

Article Snippet: ELISA kits for PGE2 (Cat. No. E-EL-0034), TGF-β (Cat. No. E-EL-0162), VEGF (Cat. No. E-EL-R2603), and HGF (Cat. No. E-EL-R0496) were purchased from Elabscience (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Confocal Microscopy, Fluorescence, Staining, Cell Culture, Expressing

Journal: IBRO Neuroscience Reports

Article Title: TGF-β1 modulates PFC glial cell activation to facilitate exercise-induced analgesia in mice with spared nerve injury

doi: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2026.03.009

Figure Lengend Snippet: Exercise modulates TGF-β1 expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of mice 24 days after spared nerve injury (SNI). (a) Representative Western blot images of TGF-β receptor I (TGF-βR1) and TGF-β1 in the PFC. Tissue lysates from all experimental groups (SHAM, SHAME, SNI, SNIE) and recombinant human TGF-β1 (non-reduced and reduced) were loaded on the same SDS–PAGE gel, transferred to a single membrane, and probed with the same TGF-β1 antibody under identical exposure conditions. The recombinant protein (250 ng per lane) served as a positive control to verify the molecular weights of the dimeric (25 kDa) and monomeric (12.5 kDa) forms of TGF-β1. GAPDH was used as the loading control. (b-d) Quantitative Western blot analyses of (b) TGF-βR1, (c) dimeric TGF-β1 (25 kDa), and (d) monomeric TGF-β1 (12.5 kDa) expression levels in tissue lysates. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). ** P < 0.01 vs. SHAM group; ## P < 0.01 vs. SNI group.

Article Snippet: To validate the specificity of the TGF-β1 antibody, Recombinant human TGF-β1 protein (Catalog # 240-B, R&D Systems, USA) was used as a positive control.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Recombinant, SDS Page, Membrane, Positive Control, Control

Journal: IBRO Neuroscience Reports

Article Title: TGF-β1 modulates PFC glial cell activation to facilitate exercise-induced analgesia in mice with spared nerve injury

doi: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2026.03.009

Figure Lengend Snippet: At 24 d after SNI, mouse PFC astrocytes were activated and microglia were unchanged. (a)Western blotting analysis of changes in GFAP and Iba1 expression in PFC (n = 3); (b) Quantification of GFAP in PFC; (c) Quantification of Iba1 in PFC; (d) MFI representative images of GFAP in PFC; (e) MFI representative image of Iba1 in PFC; (f) Quantification of GFAP in PFC. Values represent mean ± SEM (Scale bar =75μm, 9 PFC sections from 3 mice per group); (g) Quantification of Iba1 in PFC. Values represent mean ±SEM (Scale bar = 75μm, 9 PFC sections from 3 mice per group). Values represent the mean ±SEM. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, compared with SHAM group; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, compared with SNI group, the difference was statistically significant; (h) Representative MFI images of changes in the colocalization of TGF-β1(red) and astrocytes (green) in the PFC; (i) Quantification of TGF-β1 and astrocytes in PFC. Values represent the mean ± SEM (Scale bar =100μm, nine PFC sections from three mice per group). * P < 0.05 versus the SHAM group; # P < 0.05 versus the SNI group.

Article Snippet: To validate the specificity of the TGF-β1 antibody, Recombinant human TGF-β1 protein (Catalog # 240-B, R&D Systems, USA) was used as a positive control.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: IBRO Neuroscience Reports

Article Title: TGF-β1 modulates PFC glial cell activation to facilitate exercise-induced analgesia in mice with spared nerve injury

doi: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2026.03.009

Figure Lengend Snippet: TGF-βRI inhibition reverses exercise-induced analgesia and modulates glial activation in the PFC. (a, b) Time course of mechanical and cold hyperalgesia tests (n = 9). The green shading indicates the duration of the exercise intervention, and the green vertical lines denote the timing of intrathecal injections. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ** P < 0.01 versus the SNIE group, # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01 vs. SC group. (c) Representative Western blot images of TGF-βR1 and TGF-β1 in the PFC. Tissue lysates from SC and SA groups and recombinant human TGF-β1 (100 ng per lane) (non-reduced and reduced) were loaded on the same SDS–PAGE gel, transferred to a single membrane, and probed with the same TGF-β1 antibody in a single exposure without splicing. The recombinant protein served as a positive control to verify the molecular weights of the dimeric (25 kDa) and monomeric (12.5 kDa) forms of TGF-β1. GAPDH was used as the loading control. (d-f) Quantitative analysis of (d) TGF-βR1, (e) dimeric TGF-β1 (25 kDa), and (f) monomeric TGF-β1 (12.5 kDa) expression levels (n = 3). (g-i) Western blot analysis of glial markers. (g) Representative images of GFAP and Iba1 with GAPDH control. Quantitative analysis of (h) GFAP and (i) Iba1 expression levels (n = 3). (j, k) Representative immunofluorescence images showing the expression of (j) GFAP and (k) Iba1 in the PFC. Scale bar = 75 μm. (l, m) Quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) for (l) GFAP and (m) Iba1 (n = 9 sections from 3 mice per group). Data in bar graphs are presented as mean ± SEM. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 vs. SC group. SC: Spared nerve injury with exercise training followed by intrathecal (i.t.) injection of saline; SA: Spared nerve injury with exercise training followed by i.t. injection of the TGF-βRI inhibitor.

Article Snippet: To validate the specificity of the TGF-β1 antibody, Recombinant human TGF-β1 protein (Catalog # 240-B, R&D Systems, USA) was used as a positive control.

Techniques: Inhibition, Activation Assay, Western Blot, Recombinant, SDS Page, Membrane, Positive Control, Control, Expressing, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence, Injection, Saline

Journal: Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Article Title: Long non-coding RNAs affect the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

doi: 10.3892/mco.2026.2940

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition model. (A) Micrographs of Huh7 cells treated with or without 10 ng/ml TGF-β for 4 days. (B) Relative mRNA levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Snail and Slug in Huh7 cells treated with or without 10 ng/ml TGF-β for 4 days. (C) In vitro migration of Huh7 cells treated with or without 10 ng/ml TGF-β for 4 days. * P<0.05 vs. the control group. TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β.

Article Snippet: To induce the in vitro EMT cell model, Huh7 cells were cultured at 37 ̊C in DMEM with 2.5% FBS and 10 ng/ml TGF-β (cat. no. HY-P7118; MedChemExpress) for 4 days.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, In Vitro, Migration, Control

Journal: Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Article Title: Long non-coding RNAs affect the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

doi: 10.3892/mco.2026.2940

Figure Lengend Snippet: DE lncRNAs and mRNAs in TGF-β treated Huh7 cells. (A) Volcano plot demonstrating DE lncRNAs and mRNAs. Red points represent upregulated RNAs, blue points represent downregulated RNAs and black points represent RNAs with no significant differences. (B) Hierarchical clustering analysis based on the significantly DE lncRNAs and mRNAs. Red indicates high relative expression levels, blue indicates low relative expression levels and white indicates no change in the gene expression levels. The color brightness indicates the extent of the upregulation or downregulation of the gene expression. TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; DE, differentially expressed; lncRNA, long non-coding RNA; FC, fold-change; FDR, false-discovery rate.

Article Snippet: To induce the in vitro EMT cell model, Huh7 cells were cultured at 37 ̊C in DMEM with 2.5% FBS and 10 ng/ml TGF-β (cat. no. HY-P7118; MedChemExpress) for 4 days.

Techniques: Expressing, Gene Expression

Journal: Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Article Title: Long non-coding RNAs affect the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

doi: 10.3892/mco.2026.2940

Figure Lengend Snippet: GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. GO term enrichment categories, including (A) molecular function, (B) cellular component and (C) biological process. (D) KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. GO, Gene Ontology; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; ECM, extracellular matrix; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; AGE-RAGE, advanced glycation end-products-receptor for advanced glycation end-products.

Article Snippet: To induce the in vitro EMT cell model, Huh7 cells were cultured at 37 ̊C in DMEM with 2.5% FBS and 10 ng/ml TGF-β (cat. no. HY-P7118; MedChemExpress) for 4 days.

Techniques:

Journal: Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Article Title: Long non-coding RNAs affect the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

doi: 10.3892/mco.2026.2940

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of the sequencing data using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. (A) Relative mRNA levels of COL1A1, BMP6, TUBA1A, ATP2B2 and F2 in Huh7 cells treated with or without 10 ng/ml TGF-β for 4 days. (B) Relative lncRNA levels of NNMT-205, CASC15-204, UBASH3B-202, CAPN2-206, CAV2-214 and ZSWIM8-210 in Huh7 cells treated with or without 10 ng/ml TGF-β for 4 days. * P<0.05 vs. the control group. lncRNA, long non-coding RNA; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β.

Article Snippet: To induce the in vitro EMT cell model, Huh7 cells were cultured at 37 ̊C in DMEM with 2.5% FBS and 10 ng/ml TGF-β (cat. no. HY-P7118; MedChemExpress) for 4 days.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Sequencing, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Control